Management of postoperative empyema
Advanced Thoracic Surgery, Akademisyen Kitabevi, ss.113-120, 2021
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Yayınevi: Akademisyen Kitabevi
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.113-120
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Postoperative empyema is a potentially life-threatening complication that occurs after lung surgery. Postoperative wound infection and empyema are considered as surgical site infections. Although postoperative empyema is rare, its treatment is important. Postoperative empyema is usually accompanied by bronchopleural fistula, which makes treatment challenging. Various options such as closed tube thoracostomy, video-assisted thoracoscopy, emergency open window thoracostomy, and endoscopic protective treatment are available. The diagnosis and treatment of empyema are based on the principle of draining pus, air, blood, and fluid from the pleural cavity, which originated in ancient Greece and developed over thousands of years. Despite the widespread use of antibiotics and pneumococcal vaccines, empyema remains the most common complication of pneumonia and a difficult postoperative complication. The incidence of empyema has significantly decreased since the early 20th century. With the use of antibiotics, the complication rate of empyema in pneumonia cases has decreased to 2%. Postoperative empyema indicates an infected pleural cavity and occurs in 1-3% of cases. It is the most common cause of empyema after parapneumonic empyema. Empyema can occur after resection surgeries such as pneumonectomy (5%), lobectomy (2%), segmentectomy, and wedge biopsy (0.01%).