Massive transfusion on the combat field using autonomous drones: A case report


Türkoğlu B., Ünlü M. G., Çamur M., COŞKUN A. K., ÜNLÜ A.

Transfusion, cilt.65, sa.7, ss.1373-1376, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 65 Sayı: 7
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1111/trf.18279
  • Dergi Adı: Transfusion
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CINAHL, EMBASE
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1373-1376
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: massive transfusion, drone assisted transfusion, battlefield medicine, prehospital care
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable deaths in combat settings, requiring rapid blood transfusion to improve survival. While the feasibility of drone-assisted medical logistics has been explored, its practical application in battlefield transfusion remains unreported. Study Design and Methods: This case report describes the first documented massive transfusion in a combat environment using an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A 27-year-old soldier sustained severe lower limb injuries from an improvised explosive device explosion and developed hemorrhagic shock in a remote battlefield location where adverse weather conditions prevented immediate evacuation. In response, 6 units of whole blood and 2 units of fresh frozen plasma were transported via UAV, enabling prehospital transfusion under telemedicine supervision. Results: The UAV successfully delivered blood products on two consecutive flights, ensuring early resuscitation and stabilization despite delayed evacuation. The casualty's vital signs improved post-transfusion, and surgical interventions were successfully performed following hospital admission. This case demonstrates the feasibility of drone-assisted blood product transport in prolonged field care scenarios. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a combat casualty receiving a UAV-facilitated massive transfusion in an operational setting. While UAV-based medical logistics offers a rapid and reliable alternative for remote trauma care, challenges remain in regulatory implementation, blood product stability, and integration into standardized protocols. Further controlled studies are needed to optimize UAV-assisted transfusion strategies and their potential expansion into civilian and disaster response settings.