Bioelectrical impedance analysis–based Sarcopenic Obesity Phenotype Index versus sarcopenic obesity: associations with frailty, falls, and osteoporosis in community-dwelling older adults
Nutrition, cilt.149, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 149
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.nut.2026.113248
- Dergi Adı: Nutrition
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Pharma Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Sarcopenic obesity, Frailty, Osteoporosis, Falls, Bioelectrical impedance analysis, Body composition, Older adults
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the bioelectrical impedance analysis–based Sarcopenic Obesity Phenotype Index (SOPi) and frailty, osteoporosis, and fall-related outcomes in community-dwelling older adults and to compare its performance with a categorical definition of sarcopenic obesity based on European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism–European Association for the Study of Obesity criteria. Methods In this retrospective study, 1154 consecutive medical records of community-dwelling older adults were screened. After exclusion, 395 individuals were included in the final analysis. The SOPi was constructed as a continuous index using sex-specific z scores of body fat percentage, handgrip strength, and skeletal muscle mass normalized to body weight. Sarcopenic obesity was also defined categorically according to European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism–European Association for the Study of Obesity–aligned criteria. Flarity was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Index. Osteoporosis was defined according to bone mineral density-based clinical diagnoses, and fall-related outcomes were also evaluated. Results Both categorical sarcopenic obesity and the SOPi were independently associated with frailty; however, the SOPi demonstrated a graded, stepwise increase in frailty severity when modeled as a continuous variable (β = 0.04, P = 0.019). Categorical sarcopenic obesity was not independently associated with osteoporosis (P > 0.05), whereas the SOPi showed significant associations when analyzed both in quartiles and as a continuous variable (odds ratio per unit increase, 0.82, 95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.93, P = 0.001). Neither approach was significantly associated with a history of falls or unsteadiness; however, individuals in the highest SOPi quartile had significantly higher odds of fear of falling compared with those in the lowest quartile (odds ratio, 2.40, 95% confidence interval, 1.17–4.94, P = 0.017). Conclusions The bioelectrical impedance analysis–based SOPi captures graded clinical vulnerability beyond categorical definitions, particularly for bone health and perceived fall-related risk. The SOPi may offer added value for clinical risk stratification in geriatric practice.