Comparison of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care for COVID-19 Versus Other Reasons: A Single-Centered Study
Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, cilt.50, 2022 (Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 50
- Basım Tarihi: 2022
- Doi Numarası: 10.5152/tjar.2022.21310
- Dergi Adı: Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Coronavirus, CICAID-19, secondary infection, Microorganisms, SARS-CoV-2, ventilator-associated pneumonia
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective: COVID-19 patients in intensive care usually need invasive mechanical ventilation due to advanced respiratory failure. Deep lym-phopenia, immunosuppressive agents, long-term mechanical ventilation, and sedation may lead to ventilator-associated pneumonia; an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the frequency, clinical features, causative pathogens, and outcomes of ventilator-asso ciated pneumonia in COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation. Methods: The files of patients hospitalized in our hospital’s intensive care clinic between March 25, 2020, and January 15, 2021, in the first 2 peaks due to COVID-19 and other reasons were retrospectively reviewed. Results: We found ventilator-associated pneumonia rate in COVID-19 patients as 52.2%, which was statistically significantly higher than in non-COVID patients (33.5%). Purulent sputum, leukocyte, and procalcitonin levels were found to be significantly higher in both groups developing ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, fever levels were found to be significantly normal in both groups; 97.1% and 87%, respectively. High fever was observed in only 2.9% of COVID-19 patients who developed ventilator-associated pneumonia. We determined a mortality rate of 17 (100%) in the diabetes patients in the COVID-19 group, which was statistically significantly higher than in non-COVID-19 patients at 9 (64.3%). The mortality rate (86.1%) in those with COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher than in those without COVID-19 (64.9%). Conclusions: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is more common in COVID-19 patients treated with mechanical ventilation than in non-COVID patients. The predictive value of fever in the diagnosis is very low, and agent production together with increased purulent sputum will be more valuable in terms of diagnosis.