Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine (Turkey), cilt.38, sa.1, ss.23-32, 2021 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
- Cilt numarası: 38 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Doi Numarası: 10.52142/omujecm.38.si.gastro.3
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine (Turkey)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, Academic Search Premier, EMBASE
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.23-32
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bleeding, Colonoscopy, Hematochezia, Sigmoidoscopy
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Bleeding from the lower part of the digestive system that appears as hematochezia (fresh blood, clot or cherry-colored stool) or melena (dark-colored tarry stool) is called lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding (lower GI bleeding) (or colonic bleeding). In the traditional definition, lower GI bleeding was generally classified as bleeding distal to the Treitz ligament (duodenojejunal junction) as the border. In the last decade, GI bleeding has adopted three categories in some recent publications: Upper, middle, and lower. According to this category, bleeding from a source between the Treitz ligament and the ileocecal valve is classified as middle GI bleeding, bleeding from the distal of the ileocecal valve is classified lower GI bleeding. Lower GI bleeding and hospitalization rates increase with aging. Currently, physicians managing lower GI bleeding have many different diagnostic and therapeutic options ranging from colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy to radiographic interventions such as scintigraphy or angiography. Lower GI bleeding often stops spontaneously and less common than upper GI bleeding. Even though no modality has emerged as the gold standard in the treatment of lower GI bleeding, colonoscopy has several advantages and is generally considered as the preferred initial test in most of the cases.