Prognostic significance of the cachexia index (CXI) in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis


BAŞ O., ŞAHİN T. K., Karahan L., Rizzo A., Guven D. C.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, cilt.68, ss.240-247, 2025 (ESCI, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 68
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.023
  • Dergi Adı: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.240-247
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Biomarker, Cancer, Cachexia index, Survival
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Aim: The Cachexia Index (CXI) was a useful indicator of malnutrition and inflammatory pressure in patients with cancer and was associated with a poor prognosis. However, the available studies differ in terms of study population, design, and the used cut-offs. Therefore, we aimed to systematically analyze the association between CXI and survival in cancer patients. Material and method: We conducted a systematic literature search across Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published up to 24 September 2024. This protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (Registration Number: CRD42024594228). We performed a meta-analysis and analyzed the results of these studies. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 5401 patients were identified. Lower CXI levels were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (Hazard Ratio (HR): 2.03, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 1.83–2.24, p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR:1.86 95%CI: 1.67–2.08, p < 0.001). This association was similar among tumor types (gastrointestinal (GI), hepatobiliary/pancreas, and other tumors) and tumor stage (localized vs metastatic). Conclusion: In this meta-analysis, we showed a relationship between lower CXI levels and survival in patients with cancer. Our findings suggest that CXI may be a valuable prognostic marker in patients with cancer and help clinicians define high-risk patients.