Complications of head and neck radiotherapy and management
Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers: A Case-Based Review, Springer International Publishing Ag, ss.221-232, 2015
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2015
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/978-3-319-10413-3_12
- Yayınevi: Springer International Publishing Ag
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.221-232
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Radiation sensitivity of tissues is determined by its precursor cells [1]. Cells vary in their inherent susceptibility to radiation. According to Bergonie and Tribondeau law, factors affecting tissue radiosensitivity include excessive less-differentiated cells in the tissue, abundant active mitotic cells, and the duration of active cell proliferation [1, 2]. Rapid cell turnover rate of the mucosal lining of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract makes it more susceptible to effects of radiation. Thus, the oral cavity with high mucosal turnover rate is prone to toxicity at high radiation exposure. Direct lethal and sublethal damage of the oral tissues along with immune system impairment may contribute to several acute and late complications including mucositis, xerostomia, pain, loss of taste, dysphagia and swallowing dysfunction, otitis externa and otitis media, periodontal disease and caries, soft tissue necrosis, mandibular osteoradionecrosis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, trismus, fibrosis, endocrine dysfunctions, laryngeal edema, skin reactions, dehydration, dysgeusia, malnutrition, cataract formation, temporal lobe necrosis, myelitis, and second malignancies.