Evaluation of smoking as an additional risk factor for cardiovascular diseases among hemodialysis patients by increased levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and endothelin-1 Evaluación del tabaquismo como factor de riesgo adicional de enfermedades cardiovasculares en pacientes en hemodiálisis según niveles elevados de IL-6, TNFα, hsCRP y endotelina-1
Revista de Nefrologia, Dialisis y Trasplante, cilt.38, sa.2, ss.103-110, 2018 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 38 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2018
- Dergi Adı: Revista de Nefrologia, Dialisis y Trasplante
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.103-110
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Endothelin-1, Hemodialysis, High sensitive C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Renal dialysis, Smoking, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the most common causes of mortality in chronic kidney disease. Smoking is a well defined risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) have found elevated in chronic inflammatory process. We aimed to evaluate if IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and ET-1 are increased in smoker hemodialysis (HD) patient compared to non-smoker HD individuals to potentially refer us cardiovascular diseases noninvasively. Material and methods: 80 smoker and 50 nonsmoker maintenance hemodialysis male patients with similar demographic characters, dialysis and support treatment and metabolic profile. In addition to routine tests, we took samples for evaluating IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and endothelin-1. P values were measured. Results: In smoker HD patients, IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and endothelin- 1 levels were found increased compared to non-smoker individuals. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: This study may refer to us that smoking is an additional risk factor among HD individuals by increased levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and ET-1.