Dexamethasone Addition Impairs the Therapeutic Effects of Nimodipine for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Animal Study


BOZDAG S., SUCU H. K., ALTUN Z. S., AKKALP A. K., YILMAZ O., CELIKKAYA D.

Turkish Neurosurgery, cilt.34, sa.1, ss.148-159, 2024 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 34 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.43427-23.2
  • Dergi Adı: Turkish Neurosurgery
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.148-159
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Delayed Cerebral Ischemia, Dexamethasone, Nimodipine, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Vasospasm
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

AIM: To evaluate the effects of the combination of nimodipine and dexamethasone in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, 35 female adult Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham (n=8), SAH with no treatment (n=9), SAH with nimodipine (n=9, oral gavage, 12 mg/kg, BID) treatment, and SAH with combined therapy with nimodipine and dexamethasone (n=9, intraperitoneally, 1mg/kg, BID). The “cisterna magna double injection of autologous blood” model was used. The animals were euthanized 5 days after the first injection. RESULTS: Of the total, five rats died before euthanasia. The SAH+Nontreatment group showed the worst score in neurological examinations, and the most severe histopathological findings were noted in terms of vasospasm. The SAH+Nimodipine group showed the best neurological score and the closest histopathological results to those of the Sham group, whereas adding dexamethasone to nimodipine treatment (the SAH+Nimodipine+Dexamethasone group) worsened the neurological and histopathological outcomes. CONCLUSION: We thus concluded that the therapeutic effects of nimodipine were impaired when combined with dexamethasone. We thus hypothesized that dexamethasone possibly induces the CYP3A4-enzyme that metabolizes nimodipine. However, it should be noted that our results are based on laboratory findings obtained on a small sample, therefore further studies with drug-drug interaction on a larger sample size through CYP3A4-enzyme and clinical confirmation are warranted.