Side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on gastrointestinal system
A Comprehensive Guide to Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, NOVA Publications , ss.261-293, 2021
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Yayınevi: NOVA Publications
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.261-293
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Aspirin, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Ulcer
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent a group of drugs with similar effects and side effects, although they are many, often heterogeneous in nature. Aspirin is the first prototype of the NSAIDs, and the important factor of aspirin usage limitation is the side effect on the gastrointestinal system (GIS). These side effects are not only for the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but also the small intestine and colon. Although the knowledge about the GIS toxicity of NSAIDs is actually related to the upper GIS (stomach and duodenum), it has recently been observed that they have significant effects on the lower parts of the GIS, the small intestines and colon. In recent years, knowledge about GIS toxicity has increased with the widespread use of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy. However, the number of studies on the clinical significance of GIS toxicity caused by the use of NSAIDs is increasing. Recent publications report that while the frequency of upper GIS toxicity secondary to NSAIDs decreases, the frequency of lower GIS toxicity is increasing. While the upper/ lower ratio was 4.1 in 1996, it was shown that this ratio was 1.4 in 2005. It has been demonstrated that NSAIDs cause increased bleeding, perforation and obstruction in the lower GIS as well as in the upper GIS. Studies have revealed that some factors that are valid for upper GIS in GIS toxicity of NSAIDs are not valid for lower GIS toxicity. In this section, the effects of NSAIDs on the gastrointestinal tract will be summarized in two parts as upper GIS and lower GIS. The effects of NSAIDs on other GI organs excluded from this topic.