How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Maternal and Neonatal Health?
American Journal of Perinatology, cilt.41, 2024 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 41
- Basım Tarihi: 2024
- Doi Numarası: 10.1055/s-0043-1777717
- Dergi Adı: American Journal of Perinatology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
- Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, fetal growth, perinatal outcomes, ponderal index
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the proportional growth of the fetus, maternal health, and neonatal outcomes. Study Design The study group (Group 1) included pregnant women with a history of COVID-19. Pregnant women who were hospitalized during the same period without COVID-19 were the control group (Group 2). Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the groups. Results A total of 230 pregnant women and their infants were assessed. Group 1 (n = 74) had significantly higher rates of diabetes mellitus and hypertension than Group 2 (n = 156; p = 0.015 and 0.014, respectively). Premature birth and cesarean section rates were also significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p = 0.001 and 0.040, respectively). While the rate of iatrogenic preterm birth was significantly higher in Group 1, the rate of spontaneous preterm birth was significantly higher in Group 2 (p = 0.049). Infants born to COVID-19-positive mothers had lower median gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the results of cord blood gas analysis (p > 0.05). The rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and need for mechanical ventilation was significantly higher in infants of COVID-19-positive mothers (p < 0.05 for both). The length of stay in the NICU was also significantly longer for the infants of COVID-19-positive mothers (p < 0.05). Birth weights decreased due to increased cases of iatrogenic preterm births (p < 0.05). However, ponderal indices (PIs) of newborns of pregnant COVID-19 mothers did not differ at birth (p > 0.05). Conclusion COVID-19 is associated with low Apgar scores, increased risk of premature birth complications, and maternal comorbidities, with no effect on the PI and proportionate growth of the infant at birth. Key Points No difference in ponderal indices. No difference in postnatal cardiovascular adaptation. COVID-19 is frequent in pregnant women with comorbidities like diabetes mellitus and hypertension.