Thyroid Gland
Bergman's Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation, wiley, ss.1189-1204, 2016
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2016
- Doi Numarası: 10.1002/9781118430309.ch99
- Yayınevi: wiley
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1189-1204
- Anahtar Kelimeler: inferior thyroid artery, levator glandulae thyroidea muscle, pyramidal lobe, superior thyroid artery, thyroglossal duct cyst, thyroid gland, thyroid isthmus, Zuckerkandl tubercle
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Among all the endocrine glands, the thyroid is the first to appear during embryonic development in humans. This chapter discusses the anatamical variations of the thyroid gland, including arterial variations. Most variations of the thyroid gland are due to partial persistence of the median or thyroglossal duct. The most obvious example of this persistence is the pyramidal lobe. The levator glandulae thyroidea muscle has multiple anatamial variants such as the thyreoglandularis and hyopyramidalis. Hemiagenesis of the left lobe is also most common variation. This variation is up to eight times more common in females. A high division of the thyroglossal duct can result in two independent thyroid lobes and no isthmus. The Zuckerkandl tubercle (ZT) is a lateral or posterior projection from the lateral thyroid lobe, which indicates the point of embryological fusion of the ultimobranchial body and principal median thyroid process.