Epidemiological Investigation of Patients Diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Emergency Department Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak Acil Serviste Covid-19 Salgını Öncesi ve Covid-19 Salgını Döneminde Akut Koroner Sendrom Tanısı Alan Hastaların Epidemiyolojik İncelenmesi

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Aydoğan A. A., Aydoğan G., Aydın Ş. A., DURAK V. A.

Journal of Uludag University Medical Faculty, cilt.50, sa.2, ss.231-236, 2024 (Scopus, TRDizin)

Özet

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in adults and approximately half of all deaths in Turkey are due to cardiovascular diseases. Within the scope of our study, we aimed to evaluate an epidemiological analysis of the patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Bursa Uludag University Medical Faculty in the 1-year period before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluated with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. The records of patients who were admitted to the emergency department between 01.04.2019-31.03.2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic and 01.04.2020-31.03.2021 after the pandemic and diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, laboratory values (complete blood count, troponin, creatinine kinase, D-dimer, urea, creatine, creatinine kinase isoenzyme-MB), COVID-19 PCR at the time of admission, comorbidities, complaints at admission and ECG findings were recorded. It was observed that 72.7% of the patients were male, 31.8% were smokers and 2.6% were morbidly obese. It was observed that 84.4% of the patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome were admitted to the hospital with typical chest pain, and NSTEMI diagnoses increased, while STEMI and USAP diagnoses decreased in patients after COVID-19. In terms of patient outcome, the referral rate to another hospital was decreased in patients after COVID-19, but the mortality rate was increased. COVID-19 infections cause cardiac damage due to cardiac oxygen insufficiency, increased coagulability, inflammation, cytokine storm, cardiac oxygen insufficiency, increased coagulability, inflammation, and cytokine storm, with many clinical outcomes including acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infection, heart failure, and arrhythmias. We believe that the data obtained from our study contributes to the national and international literature and will guide emergency physicians by identifying possible risk factors.