Acute Otitis Media
Pediatric ENT Infections, Springer International Publishing Ag, ss.381-392, 2021
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/978-3-030-80691-0_33
- Yayınevi: Springer International Publishing Ag
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.381-392
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Middle ear infections comprise infection and inflammation of the tympanic cavity, which starts medial of the tympanic membrane. The middle ear comprises not only a cavity containing the auditory ossicles and their muscles but also inner layers of the tympanic membrane, air filled cavities of the mastoid part of the temporal bone and the Eustachian tube that communicates with the nasopharynx. Acute otitis media (AOM) originates here and within 21 days a process of acute inflammation occurs in the tympanic cavity [1]. It is the most frequent infection requiring medical care in children under 5 years of age. Every year, the cost to society of treating this disease amounts to billions of euros. Despite studies on prevention and treatment of AOM, the costs of this disease continue to increase and its prevalence remains high. The increase in antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has prompted a reevaluation of the conventional management of AOM. There is an overwhelming consensus, however, that antibiotics are the ideal initial therapy for AOM, for valid reasons [2, 3]. Surgical management can be categorized into three methods: tympanocentesis, and myringotomy with or without ventilation tube insertion. Especially when children fail to improve or worsen while receiving antibiotics surgical intervention can be required [4, 5].