Reevaluation of 332 patients with pure serous borderline ovarian tumors for recurrence: is there anything we missed? A multicenter study

Ceylan O., Oktar O., Ersak B., Kilic F., Cuylan Z. F., Selcuk I., ...Daha Fazla

Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, cilt.185, sa.3, ss.232-240, 2026 (Scopus)

Özet

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of serous borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) and prognostic factors for recurrence. METHODS: Three hundred thirty-two patients who were diagnosed with serous BOT in 3 tertiary gynecological oncol-ogy centers between January 2002 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors for recurrence were analyzed in univariate and multivariate regression models. Disease-free survival (DFS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Conservative surgery was performed in 132 (39.8%) patients. Microinvasion was detected in 12 (3.6%) patients, noninvasive implants in 34 (10.2%) patients, and micropapillary patterns in 15 (4.5%) patients. The median follow-up period was 36 months (range, 1-265). Recurrence was detected in 18 (5.4%) patients, one of them was inva-sive. The first surgery of all recurrent patients was conservative surgery. Five (27.7%) of the recurrences were treated with repeated conservative surgery and 12 (66.6%) with definitive surgery, surgical data of one patient could not be reached. The median survival time after recurrence was 41.6 months (range, 2-135) and no second recurrence was detected. Five and 10-year DFS rates were 91 and 87%, respectively. In the multivariate regression analysis, DFS became worse in the presence of microinvasion and noninvasive implant (P=0.031, P<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of microinvasion and noninvasive implants is independent prognostic factors for recur-rence. Repeated conservative surgery appears to be safe in young patients with recurrence.