Preoperative cardiopulmonary functions and operation
Advanced Thoracic Surgery, Akademisyen Kitabevi, ss.3-20, 2021
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Yayınevi: Akademisyen Kitabevi
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.3-20
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Recent advances in surgery and anesthesia have broadened the range of operable patients with comorbidities. Preoperative cardiopulmonary assessment aims to identify and mitigate complications, reducing postoperative risks. Postoperative cardiopulmonary complications (POC) increase morbidity, mortality, and hospital stays. Accurate preoperative assessment minimizes surgery delays, cancellations, and detects undiagnosed conditions. Patients undergoing major noncardiac surgeries face elevated cardiovascular risk, necessitating systematic risk assessment to inform decision-making. Parameters like physical fitness, surgery duration, and type impact complications and mortality. The American Society of Anesthesiologists' risk classification AIDS assessment. Preoperative preparation reduces mortality and morbidity in elective and emergency surgeries. Patient-related risk factors include age, obesity, smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sleep apnea, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, physical status, infections, and metabolic factors. Procedure-related risks involve location, type, duration, and anesthesia. A systematic approach to preoperative lung cancer evaluation is vital. Surgical resection offers longterm survival, but ventilator dependence may require sublobar resections or nonsurgical options. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing guides postoperative expectations.