Neutralizing Antibodies and COVID-19: Predicting Disease Duration and Severity After Vaccination and Infection Nötralizan Antikorlar ve COVID-19: Aşı ve Enfeksiyon Sonrası Hastalığın Süresi ve Şiddetinin Öngörüsü
Medical Journal of Bakirkoy, cilt.21, sa.2, ss.141-148, 2025 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 21 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2025
- Doi Numarası: 10.4274/bmj.galenos.2025.2024.8-14
- Dergi Adı: Medical Journal of Bakirkoy
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.141-148
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Coronavirus disease-2019, neutralizing antibody, disease severity, diagnostic biomarkers, comorbidity
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between neutralizing antibodies post-Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection and vaccination with demographic characteristics, disease progression, severity, and diagnostic parameters. Methods: A total of 80 COVID-19 patients with positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test and other diagnostic parameters were included in the study. Patients were grouped based on demographic characteristics, comorbid disease status, disease and pneumonia severity, vaccination status, intensive care requirements, and laboratory parameters used in diagnosis and follow-up. Serum samples collected on day 18 after the RT-PCR positive result were analyzed using VIDAS anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) kits on the VIDAS analyzer (bioMérieux, France). Statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS 25.0 software package, and a significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. Results: The results showed that patients with two or more vaccine doses had higher IgG titers compared to those with one or no dose. Patients over 65 had higher IgG titers than those younger than 65. Intensive care unit patients had lower IgG titers than ward-treated patients. Critically ill patients exhibited elevated IgM and IgG titers compared to moderate and severe cases. Additionally, patients with hypertension had higher IgG titers. A strong positive correlation was found between diagnostic biomarkers and neutralizing antibody titers. Conclusion: Antibody titers increased with disease severity, though their neutralizing capacity remains uncertain. Our results are consistent with the literature, and our study is among the few studies that have examined the relationship between the kinetics of neutralizing antibodies and prognostic biomarkers.