Anatomy of the colon, rectum, and anus
Colon Polyps and Colorectal Cancer: Second Edition, Springer International Publishing Ag, ss.1-22, 2020
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2020
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/978-3-030-57273-0_1
- Yayınevi: Springer International Publishing Ag
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-22
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Anatomy, Anus, Cancer, Colon, Mesenteric vein, Rectum
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Colorectal anatomy includes the area from the ileocecal valve to the anus. Parts of the colon are cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. A major part of the transverse and sigmoid colon is intraperitoneal. The blood perfusion of colon is supplied by superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. The branches coming from the internal iliac artery provide the perfusion of the rectum and the anal canal. Venous circulation follows the arteries and drains into the portal system through superior and inferior mesenteric vein. Middle and inferior rectal vein which provides the venous drainage of the distal rectum and anal canal drains to the systemic circulation through internal iliac vein. The lymphatics of the colon follow the vessels and are divided into four groups. Epicolic and paracolic lymph nodes are located along the intermediate and marginal arteries. Innervation is provided through the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nerves. Distal part of the anal canal contains motor and sensory nerves. A good knowledge of the anatomy of this area is extremely important for the diagnosis and planning of the treatment.