Effects of non-heavy smoking on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in healthy Turkish young men
Acta Cardiologica, cilt.61, sa.4, ss.411-415, 2006 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 61 Sayı: 4
- Basım Tarihi: 2006
- Doi Numarası: 10.2143/ac.61.4.2017301
- Dergi Adı: Acta Cardiologica
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.411-415
- Anahtar Kelimeler: smoking, HDL-cholesterol, coronary risk
- Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective - Decreased effects of smoking on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were demonstrated in subjects smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day. We aimed to evaluate the effects of non-heavy smoking (< 20 cigarettes a day) on HDL-c in young, healthy men who are similar in terms of age, physical activity and diet. Methods - A total of 1012 male students between 19 and 25years old (2I.4 ± 1.5) in a military college who do not smoke or smoking ≤ 20 cigarettes a day were enrolled. Subjects who were consuming alcohol were excluded. Smoking levels (0: nonsmoker, 1: 1-5 cigarettes, 2: 6-10 cigarettes, 3:11-20 cigarettes a day) and duration were obtained by a questionnaire. Blood samples were taken after an over-night fasting. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were reported. Results - HDL-c showed a stepwise decrease as the level of smoking increased (49 ± 9 mg/dL in level O, 47 ± 7 mg/dL in level 1, 46 ± 8 mg/dL in level 2, 45 ± 7 mg/dL in level 3, p < 0.001). Total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density cholesterol were not different among the smoking levels. Body mass index (BMI) and waist/hip ratio were found to be slightly decreased in smokers. In a multivariate regression model including smoking level, duration, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, smoking level was the only predictor of HDL-c (B= -1.407, p < 0.001). Conclusion - Smoking, even in relatively low levels, has a negative stepwise relationship with HDL-c in a homogeneous population of healthy young men in whom other major non-genetic factors that are known to affect HDL-c levels are identical.