Long-term Outcomes in Stage I Seminoma Patients: A Single-center Retrospective Study Evre I Seminom Hastalarının Uzun Dönem Takip Sonuçları: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

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Ön S., AYAZ D., Altın Z., KESKİN M. Z.

Anatolian Journal of General Medical Research, cilt.35, sa.3, ss.269-275, 2025 (Scopus, TRDizin)

Özet

Objective: This study aims to evaluate long-term outcomes and relapse rates in patients with stage I seminoma treated at our center and to assess the effectiveness and safety of active surveillance and adjuvant therapy in clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective study included 63 patients diagnosed with stage I seminoma at our institution between 2007 and 2024. All patients underwent radical inguinal orchiectomy. Patient demographics, tumors’ pathological features, relapse rates, treatment-related adverse events, and long-term oncological outcomes were analyzed. Results: The median age was 36 years, and the median follow-up was 50.5 months. Tumor size was ≥4 cm in 52.4% of cases, and rete testis invasion was present in 33.3%. Postoperative management included surveillance (n=43), adjuvant carboplatin (n=18), and radiotherapy (n=2). Adjuvant therapy was more frequently administered in patients with higher-risk features. Two patients (3.2%) relapsed during surveillance, both achieved a complete response with salvage chemotherapy. No cancer-related deaths occurred, and treatment-related toxicity was minimal, with only one case of infertility reported. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that stage I seminoma has an excellent prognosis regardless of the initial post-orchiectomy management approach. Carboplatin is a safe adjuvant treatment option. Surveillance may prevent unnecessary adjuvant treatment. Decisions regarding adjuvant therapy should be patient-centered, based on the individual risk of relapse and the potential toxicity of therapy.